Virginia's Senate Bill 284, introduced on November 19, 2024, aims to regulate the siting of data centers in the state by imposing restrictions designed to protect historic, agricultural, and cultural resources. The bill, sponsored by Senator Roem, mandates that local governments can only approve land use applications for data centers in areas where such developments will have minimal impact on these resources. Additionally, the bill prohibits data centers from being located within one mile of national parks, state parks, or other historically significant sites as designated by the Department of Historic Resources.

The introduction of SB284 comes amid growing concerns about the environmental and cultural impacts of data centers, which have proliferated in Virginia due to the state's favorable business climate and infrastructure. Proponents of the bill argue that it is essential to safeguard Virginia's rich historical and cultural heritage from the rapid expansion of technology infrastructure. They emphasize the need for a balanced approach that allows for economic development while preserving the state's unique resources.

Opposition to the bill has emerged from some industry stakeholders who argue that such restrictions could hinder economic growth and deter investment in the technology sector. Critics contend that the bill may create unnecessary barriers for businesses looking to establish data centers in Virginia, potentially leading to job losses and reduced economic opportunities.

The bill has been referred to the Committee on General Laws and Technology for further discussion and potential amendments. If passed, SB284 could significantly reshape the landscape of data center development in Virginia, reflecting a growing trend among states to prioritize environmental and cultural considerations in land use planning.

As the legislative session progresses, the implications of SB284 will likely be closely monitored by both supporters and detractors, with potential impacts on Virginia's economy and its historical preservation efforts at stake.