Senate Bill 90, introduced in the Maryland Legislature on January 9, 2025, aims to reform the dismissal process for criminal charges, particularly focusing on cases involving defendants found incompetent to stand trial. The bill outlines specific timelines for dismissing charges based on the nature of the offense and mandates that victims or their representatives be notified and given a chance to be heard before any dismissal occurs.

The key provisions of Senate Bill 90 include a structured timeline for dismissals: charges related to serious offenses may be dismissed after ten years, while felonies and violent crimes can be dismissed after five years, and lesser offenses after three years. This framework seeks to balance the rights of defendants with the interests of victims, ensuring that victims are informed and involved in the judicial process.

Notably, the bill allows the state to petition for an extension of the time before charges are dismissed, providing a mechanism for cases that may require additional scrutiny. Furthermore, if a charge is dismissed, the court is required to notify both the victim and the Criminal Justice Information System Central Repository, ensuring that all parties are kept informed of the case's status.

The introduction of Senate Bill 90 has sparked discussions among lawmakers and advocacy groups. Supporters argue that the bill enhances victims' rights and ensures that justice is not overlooked due to procedural delays. Critics, however, express concerns about the potential for delays in the judicial process and the implications for defendants who may have been waiting for resolution.

The bill's passage could have significant implications for Maryland's criminal justice system, particularly in how it handles cases involving mental health issues. As it stands, Senate Bill 90 is set to take effect on July 1, 2025, pending further legislative review and potential amendments. The outcome of this bill could reshape the landscape of criminal proceedings in the state, emphasizing the importance of timely justice while safeguarding the rights of victims.