A new legislative proposal in Virginia aims to address the growing concerns surrounding the siting of high energy use facilities (HEUF), particularly data centers, which have become increasingly prevalent in the state. Introduced on January 17, 2025, Senate Bill 1449 seeks to amend the Code of Virginia by establishing a requirement for comprehensive site assessments before any new HEUF can be approved.

The bill, sponsored by Senator Ebbin, defines a HEUF as any project that demands 100 megawatts or more of electrical power. Under this proposed legislation, localities would be mandated to require applicants to conduct site assessments that evaluate the potential impact of these facilities on nearby residential units, schools, and various environmental resources, including water, agricultural land, parks, historic sites, and forestland. This assessment must be completed before any rezoning applications or special permits can be granted.

One of the key implications of this bill is its focus on community health and environmental protection. By requiring a thorough examination of noise levels and environmental effects, the legislation aims to ensure that the interests of residents living near proposed data centers are taken into account. This is particularly significant as the demand for data centers continues to rise, often leading to concerns about their impact on local communities.

While the bill has garnered support for its proactive approach to site assessments, it may face opposition from industry stakeholders who argue that such requirements could delay the development of new facilities and hinder economic growth. Proponents, however, emphasize the importance of balancing economic development with the well-being of residents and the environment.

As the bill moves to the Committee on Local Government for further discussion, its outcome could set a precedent for how Virginia manages the siting of energy-intensive facilities in the future. If passed, SB1449 could reshape the landscape of data center development in the state, ensuring that community voices are heard and environmental considerations are prioritized. The ongoing debates surrounding this legislation will likely reflect broader discussions about energy use, economic development, and community health in Virginia.