On January 22, 2025, the New Hampshire Legislature introduced Senate Bill 159, aimed at establishing a marine habitat fee to enhance the management and preservation of marine habitats and diadromous species in the state. The bill outlines several key provisions focused on the development, management, and conservation of marine environments, with a significant emphasis on ensuring that at least 50 percent of the annual revenue generated is allocated to direct shoreline and habitat management activities.

The bill seeks to address critical issues surrounding access to marine habitats for diadromous species, which are fish that migrate between freshwater and saltwater. It includes provisions for acquiring easements on private property and purchasing land to protect these vital habitats, contingent upon local municipal approval. Additionally, the bill mandates that any revenue used for land acquisition must not impose restrictions on fishing, hunting, or trapping, unless deemed necessary for species protection or public safety by the executive director of the fish and game department.

Notably, the bill has sparked discussions regarding its fiscal implications, as the Office of Legislative Budget Assistant has yet to complete a fiscal note pending further information from the Fish and Game Department. This uncertainty has raised questions among legislators and stakeholders about the financial viability and potential economic impact of the proposed fee.

Supporters of SB 159 argue that the bill is essential for safeguarding marine ecosystems and ensuring sustainable fishing practices, while opponents express concerns over the potential financial burden on local communities and the implications of land acquisition policies. The bill's future will depend on ongoing debates and amendments as it progresses through the legislative process.

If passed, SB 159 would take effect 90 days after its passage, with the executive director required to submit detailed annual reports on the fund's receipts and expenditures, ensuring transparency and accountability to the public. As discussions continue, the bill's significance in shaping New Hampshire's marine conservation efforts remains a focal point for both environmental advocates and local stakeholders.