New Hampshire's Senate Bill 49-FN is poised to reshape the legal landscape surrounding unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) as it targets unlawful drone operations, particularly in sensitive areas like correctional facilities. Introduced on January 10, 2024, the bill establishes stringent penalties for individuals operating small UAS in FAA-restricted airspace over state and federal detention centers. Violators could face misdemeanor charges, escalating to a class B felony if the drone is used to deliver contraband or facilitate a prison escape.

The bill also criminalizes the possession or operation of drones equipped with devices that could inflict serious harm or damage, with exceptions for law enforcement and bomb squad personnel using drones for legitimate safety purposes. This legislative move comes amid growing concerns over drone misuse, particularly in relation to prison security.

Debate surrounding SB 49-FN has highlighted the balance between public safety and the rights of drone operators. Proponents argue that the bill is essential for preventing contraband smuggling and ensuring the safety of correctional facilities. Critics, however, caution against overly broad regulations that could stifle legitimate drone use for recreational or commercial purposes.

The fiscal implications of the bill remain uncertain, with potential costs tied to judicial and correctional systems as new penalties could affect prosecution and incarceration rates. While the bill is set to take effect on January 1, 2026, its passage could signal a significant shift in how drone operations are regulated in New Hampshire, reflecting a growing trend among states to tighten controls on unmanned aircraft amid rising security concerns.