State Engineer Sullivan addresses Nevada's water resource challenges and management practices

The Assembly Committee on Natural Resources convened on February 12, 2025, to discuss critical issues surrounding water resources in Nevada. The meeting featured a presentation by the state engineer, who provided an overview of the Division of Water Resources and highlighted the challenges facing the state’s water management system.

Nevada, recognized as the driest state in the U.S., relies heavily on both surface water and groundwater for its water supply. The engineer noted that approximately 70% of water usage is for irrigation, with municipal supply and mining each accounting for about 10%. He emphasized that existing water rights in the state exceed sustainable supply levels, raising concerns about long-term water availability.

One of the key challenges discussed was the over-appropriation of water rights, which has led to declining water levels in some areas. The engineer explained that while many water rights are not actively used, they remain on the books, complicating management efforts. He stressed the importance of protecting existing users and preventing conflicts over water access.

The presentation also addressed the need for updated data to better assess water availability. The engineer pointed out that much of the foundational data used for water management is decades old, and efforts are underway to modernize this information. A significant event is planned for March 27, 2025, to discuss the Nevada Water Initiative, which aims to address these data gaps.

In addition to these challenges, the engineer outlined the procedural framework for evaluating water rights applications, emphasizing the importance of adhering to established water law principles. He expressed concerns about the introduction of new exceptions to water law, which could complicate administration and lead to unintended consequences.

The meeting concluded with a question-and-answer session, where committee members inquired about the digitization of water records and the potential for online application submissions. The engineer confirmed that efforts are being made to transition to digital processes, which would enhance accessibility for users across the state.

Overall, the discussions underscored the complexities of water resource management in Nevada and the ongoing efforts to ensure sustainable water use amid growing demands. The committee's focus on these issues reflects the critical role water plays in the state's economic development, public health, and environmental protection.