Montana legislature introduces Genomic Security Act to safeguard genetic information

Senate Bill 410, introduced by Senator D. Zolnikov on February 21, 2025, aims to establish the Montana Genomic Security Act, a legislative measure designed to safeguard the genetic information of residents from foreign adversaries, particularly the People's Republic of China. The bill prohibits medical and research facilities in Montana from utilizing genetic sequencers or software produced by entities deemed adversarial.

Key provisions of the bill include a mandate that any genetic sequencing data of Montanans must be stored within the United States, and that facilities must obtain written consent from individuals before remotely accessing their non-public genetic data. Additionally, the legislation outlines reimbursement for facilities that replace foreign-produced sequencers or software and sets forth penalties for non-compliance.

The bill has sparked notable debate among lawmakers and stakeholders, particularly regarding its implications for medical research and the potential impact on healthcare costs. Proponents argue that the legislation is crucial for national security and protecting personal data from foreign exploitation. Critics, however, express concerns that the restrictions could hinder scientific progress and collaboration, as well as increase operational costs for healthcare providers.

The economic implications of Senate Bill 410 could be significant, as it may necessitate substantial investments from medical facilities to comply with the new regulations. Socially, the bill raises questions about privacy and consent in the context of genetic data, an increasingly relevant issue in the age of advanced biotechnology.

As the bill moves through the legislative process, its future remains uncertain. Experts suggest that further discussions will be necessary to balance national security interests with the need for innovation and accessibility in healthcare. The Montana Legislature will continue to evaluate the potential consequences of the Montana Genomic Security Act as it seeks to finalize its provisions.