Montana Legislature sets new hunting license rules for grizzly bears and mountain sheep

On February 25, 2025, the Montana Legislature introduced House Bill 562, a significant piece of legislation aimed at regulating hunting licenses for certain big game species, including grizzly bears, moose, mountain goats, and mountain sheep. The bill seeks to address wildlife management concerns and ensure sustainable hunting practices within the state.

The primary provisions of House Bill 562 include restrictions on the number of licenses an individual can obtain for specific species. Notably, the bill stipulates that a person may take only one grizzly bear with an authorized license. Additionally, it establishes a seven-year waiting period for individuals who receive a special license for moose, mountain goats, or limited mountain sheep before they can apply for another license for the same species. This aims to manage populations effectively and prevent overharvesting.

A key aspect of the bill is its focus on mountain sheep management. It mandates that individuals who harvest a legal ram mountain sheep with specific criteria will also face a seven-year eligibility restriction for future licenses. The bill includes provisions for the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks to report biennially to the Environmental Quality Council on the status of mountain sheep harvested, particularly from the Tendoy Mountain herd, and their health in relation to pneumonia outbreaks.

Debate surrounding House Bill 562 has centered on its implications for hunting practices and wildlife conservation. Proponents argue that the bill is essential for maintaining healthy wildlife populations and preventing the decline of species due to overhunting. However, some opponents express concerns about the potential economic impact on hunting-related tourism and the livelihoods of those who depend on hunting for sustenance.

The bill's introduction comes at a time when wildlife management is increasingly critical due to changing environmental conditions and population dynamics. Experts suggest that if passed, House Bill 562 could lead to more sustainable hunting practices and improved wildlife health, but it may also require ongoing adjustments to balance conservation efforts with the interests of hunters and local economies.

As the legislative process unfolds, stakeholders from various sectors, including conservationists, hunters, and local businesses, will likely continue to engage in discussions about the bill's provisions and their broader implications for Montana's wildlife management strategy. The next steps will involve committee reviews and potential amendments before the bill is brought to a vote in the legislature.