Illinois law restricts unauthorized therapy services and regulates AI use

On February 28, 2025, the Illinois House of Representatives introduced House Bill 1806, a significant legislative measure aimed at regulating the provision of therapy and psychotherapy services within the state. This bill seeks to address growing concerns regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health care, ensuring that only licensed professionals deliver therapeutic services to the public.

The primary purpose of House Bill 1806 is to prohibit unauthorized individuals, corporations, or entities from offering therapy services unless conducted by a licensed professional. This provision aims to safeguard the quality of mental health care and protect clients from potentially harmful practices. Notably, the bill outlines strict limitations on the use of AI in therapeutic settings, explicitly stating that licensed professionals cannot allow AI systems to make independent therapeutic decisions, interact directly with clients, or generate treatment plans without professional oversight.

The enforcement mechanism of the bill includes civil penalties for violations, which can reach up to $10,000 per incident, depending on the severity of the infraction. The Illinois Department of Professional Regulation will be tasked with investigating violations and assessing penalties, reinforcing the bill's commitment to maintaining high standards in mental health services.

While the bill has garnered support for its protective measures, it has also sparked debates regarding the role of technology in therapy. Critics argue that the restrictions on AI could hinder innovation in mental health care, while proponents emphasize the importance of human oversight in therapeutic contexts. Additionally, the bill includes exceptions for religious counseling, peer support, and self-help resources, which may alleviate some concerns about overregulation.

The implications of House Bill 1806 extend beyond regulatory compliance; they touch on broader social issues such as access to mental health care and the evolving landscape of technology in therapy. As mental health needs continue to rise, the balance between innovation and safety will be crucial in shaping the future of therapeutic practices in Illinois.

As the bill progresses through the legislative process, stakeholders from various sectors, including mental health professionals, technology developers, and advocacy groups, will likely continue to engage in discussions about its potential impact. The outcome of these deliberations could set a precedent for how states regulate the intersection of mental health care and technology, making House Bill 1806 a pivotal piece of legislation to watch in the coming months.