On March 5, 2025, the Washington State Senate introduced Senate Bill 5291, aimed at expanding access to long-term services and supports for qualified individuals, including those residing outside the state. The bill proposes significant changes to eligibility criteria and benefit structures, addressing the growing need for support among individuals with disabilities and severe cognitive impairments.

The primary purpose of Senate Bill 5291 is to allow out-of-state individuals to become eligible beneficiaries for long-term services starting July 1, 2030. To qualify, applicants must undergo an eligibility determination by the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS), which will assess their ability to perform daily living activities or their need for supervision due to cognitive impairments. This provision is particularly notable as it broadens the scope of beneficiaries beyond Washington residents, reflecting a growing recognition of the need for inclusive support systems.

Key provisions of the bill include the establishment of a benefit unit system, where eligible beneficiaries can receive services through approved long-term care providers. The bill stipulates that beneficiaries may not exceed 365 benefit units over their lifetime, ensuring a structured approach to resource allocation. Additionally, the DSHS is tasked with ensuring timely eligibility determinations, aiming for a 45-day turnaround from the receipt of requests.

The introduction of Senate Bill 5291 has sparked discussions among lawmakers and advocacy groups. Proponents argue that the bill addresses critical gaps in support for individuals with disabilities, particularly those who may have moved out of state but still require assistance. Critics, however, express concerns about the potential strain on state resources and the implications of extending benefits to non-residents.

The bill's economic implications could be significant, as it may increase demand for long-term care services and impact funding allocations within the state. Socially, it aims to enhance the quality of life for individuals with disabilities, promoting greater independence and access to necessary care.

As Senate Bill 5291 progresses through the legislative process, its potential to reshape the landscape of long-term care in Washington remains a focal point of debate. Stakeholders are closely monitoring developments, anticipating both the challenges and opportunities that may arise from this proposed legislation.