Washington State considers House Bill 1163 requiring permits for firearm purchases

The Senate Ways & Means Committee convened on April 4, 2025, to discuss House Bill 1163, which aims to enhance regulations surrounding the purchase, transfer, and possession of firearms in Washington State. The proposed legislation would require individuals to obtain a permit before purchasing a firearm, with applications processed by the Washington State Patrol's Firearm Background Check Program. This program would be responsible for issuing or denying permits within specified timeframes and conducting annual verifications of permit holders.

The fiscal implications of the bill were a significant focus during the meeting. Washington State Patrol estimates that the implementation of the permitting system will generate approximately $11.8 million in revenue starting in fiscal year 2027, primarily from application and fingerprint processing fees. However, initial costs are projected at $8.7 million, which would be covered by a general fund transfer and later reimbursed. Total expenditures for the program are anticipated to reach $13.7 million over the 2025-2027 biennium.

Committee members raised concerns about the feasibility of the bill, particularly regarding the projected number of applications and the capacity of the Washington State Patrol to handle the increased workload. Some members expressed skepticism about the fiscal note's assumptions, suggesting that the anticipated number of applications may be understated given the state's existing firearm ownership and background check statistics.

Public testimony revealed a divided opinion on the bill. Opponents argued that the legislation would impose unnecessary burdens on law-abiding citizens and could infringe upon Second Amendment rights. They highlighted concerns about the potential for increased costs and delays in obtaining firearms, as well as the possibility of legal challenges to the bill's constitutionality. Supporters, however, emphasized the importance of enhancing safety and accountability in firearm purchases, citing evidence that similar laws in other states have led to reductions in gun violence.

The committee's discussions underscored the ongoing debate over gun control measures in Washington, with significant implications for both public safety and individual rights. As the bill moves forward, further scrutiny of its financial and operational feasibility is expected.