Ohio Department of Commerce sets new midwifery regulations for home births

On April 7, 2025, the Ohio Legislature introduced House Bill 224, a significant piece of legislation aimed at regulating the practice of licensed midwives in the state. The bill seeks to enhance the safety and accountability of midwifery services, particularly in home birth settings, by establishing clear guidelines and requirements for licensed midwives.

One of the primary provisions of House Bill 224 is the requirement for licensed midwives to provide comprehensive information to patients prior to treatment. This includes details about the services offered, the midwife's qualifications, and the availability of a grievance process. Additionally, midwives must confirm that they hold a valid license and are covered by professional liability insurance. Patients must also provide informed consent, documented through a written agreement that the midwife retains for a minimum of four years.

The bill further stipulates that the Department of Commerce will develop rules outlining specific circumstances under which a licensed midwife may be prohibited from attending a home birth, particularly in cases of high-risk pregnancies. However, it allows for exceptions, permitting midwives to attend certain complex births, such as vaginal births after cesarean, twin births, or breech births, provided specific conditions are met.

Debate surrounding House Bill 224 has highlighted concerns from both supporters and opponents. Proponents argue that the bill is a necessary step toward ensuring the safety of mothers and infants during home births, while critics express concerns about potential restrictions on midwives' practices and the implications for women's choices regarding childbirth.

The economic implications of the bill could be significant, as it may affect the availability of midwifery services in Ohio, potentially leading to increased costs for families seeking home birth options. Socially, the legislation reflects a growing trend toward regulating alternative birthing practices, which may influence public perception of midwifery and home births.

As House Bill 224 progresses through the legislative process, its outcomes could reshape the landscape of midwifery in Ohio, balancing the need for safety with the rights of women to choose their birthing experiences. The bill's future will depend on ongoing discussions and potential amendments as it moves toward a vote.