Colorado General Assembly approves new firearm sales regulations effective January 2026

On March 28, 2025, the Colorado State Legislature introduced House Bill 1238, a significant piece of legislation aimed at regulating the sale and transfer of firearms within the state. The bill seeks to amend existing statutes concerning licensed gun dealers and the conditions under which firearms can be sold, particularly focusing on the timing and location of such transactions.

One of the key provisions of House Bill 1238 is the stipulation that licensed gun dealers are prohibited from selling or transferring firearms outside of their posted business hours. However, an exception is made for sales at gun shows, allowing dealers to operate outside these hours in that specific context. This provision aims to enhance the regulation of firearm sales while accommodating the unique environment of gun shows, where transactions often occur outside traditional retail hours.

The bill also clarifies definitions related to firearms, aligning them with federal regulations. It defines "licensed gun dealer" as any person who is a licensed importer, manufacturer, or dealer under federal law, ensuring consistency in terminology across state and federal statutes. Additionally, the bill mandates that the General Assembly appropriate necessary funds to implement these changes, indicating a commitment to enforce the new regulations effectively.

Debate surrounding House Bill 1238 has been notable, with proponents arguing that the bill enhances public safety by ensuring that firearm sales are conducted in a controlled environment. Critics, however, express concerns about the potential impact on gun shows and the rights of gun owners, suggesting that the restrictions may hinder lawful transactions.

The bill is set to take effect on January 1, 2026, unless a referendum petition is filed against it within 90 days of the General Assembly's adjournment. If such a petition is initiated, the bill will be subject to a public vote in November 2026, allowing Colorado residents to weigh in on the proposed regulations.

As House Bill 1238 progresses through the legislative process, its implications for gun ownership and sales in Colorado remain a focal point of discussion. The outcome of this bill could set a precedent for future firearm legislation in the state, reflecting broader national conversations about gun control and public safety.