Florida's House Bill 995, introduced on April 8, 2025, aims to enhance public safety and environmental standards in the face of natural disasters, particularly hurricanes. The bill focuses on improving wastewater treatment facilities and establishing stringent evacuation protocols for residents in vulnerable areas.

One of the key provisions of HB 995 mandates that all new wastewater treatment and disposal facilities must meet or exceed specific state criteria. This move is designed to ensure that communities are better equipped to handle the increased demands on infrastructure during emergencies, thereby protecting public health and the environment.

Additionally, the bill sets a maximum hurricane evacuation clearance time of 24 hours for permanent residents, with a cap of 825 permit allocations. This requirement is based on a hurricane evacuation study that must be conducted using approved methodologies. Notably, mobile home residents are excluded from the definition of permanent residents, which has sparked some debate among stakeholders concerned about equitable treatment during evacuations.

The bill specifically targets areas like the City of Key West, which is classified as a Critical State Concern. Local governments, including Monroe County and several municipalities, are required to maintain permit allocation systems to control the number of new permits issued, ensuring that infrastructure can support existing populations during emergencies.

While proponents argue that HB 995 is a necessary step toward safeguarding communities against the increasing threat of hurricanes, critics raise concerns about the potential economic impact on housing development and the availability of affordable housing in these regions. The bill's implications could lead to a tighter housing market, particularly in areas already facing housing shortages.

As the legislative process unfolds, the bill's future remains uncertain. Experts suggest that if passed, HB 995 could set a precedent for how Florida manages disaster preparedness and environmental sustainability, potentially influencing similar legislation in other states. The ongoing discussions around the bill highlight the delicate balance between public safety, environmental responsibility, and economic growth in hurricane-prone areas.