Senate Bill 459, introduced in Indiana on April 10, 2025, aims to enhance the management of water resources and bolster cybersecurity measures for public water systems. The bill proposes significant changes to the Indiana Code, focusing on the reclamation and reuse of treated wastewater and establishing cybersecurity protocols for water and wastewater entities.

One of the key provisions of the bill allows the Indiana Water Pollution Control Board to adopt rules for the reclamation and reuse of treated wastewater. These rules are designed to protect state waters and public health while potentially creating a permitting process for various categories of water reuse. This initiative addresses growing concerns about water scarcity and the need for sustainable water management practices in Indiana.

Additionally, Senate Bill 459 introduces a new chapter dedicated to cybersecurity for public water systems. It mandates that community water systems serving populations of 500 or more, publicly owned treatment works, and certain semipublic facilities conduct annual cybersecurity vulnerability assessments. Entities are also required to report cybersecurity incidents and submit certifications verifying compliance with these assessments every even-numbered year starting in 2026. This provision responds to increasing threats to critical infrastructure and aims to safeguard public health and safety.

The bill has sparked discussions among lawmakers and stakeholders regarding its implications. Supporters argue that the measures are essential for modernizing Indiana's water management and protecting against cyber threats. However, some critics express concerns about the potential costs and administrative burdens associated with implementing these new requirements.

As the bill progresses through the legislative process, its outcomes could significantly impact Indiana's approach to water resource management and cybersecurity. If passed, the provisions are set to take effect on July 1, 2025, marking a pivotal step toward enhancing the resilience and sustainability of the state's water systems.