US assumes global leadership role after World War II reshaping international order

The City Council of Indianapolis convened on April 17, 2025, for the Great Decisions 2025 discussion titled "American Foreign Policy at a Crossroads." The meeting focused on the evolving role of the United States in global leadership and the implications of its foreign policy decisions.

The session began with an exploration of the concept of hegemonic power, emphasizing that a dominant nation must establish and uphold the rules of international relations for its own benefit. The discussion highlighted that the leading power, in this case, the United States, creates a system that is advantageous not only for itself but also for allied nations such as Canada, Germany, and Japan. These countries participate in the established system because they perceive potential benefits from their involvement.

A significant historical context was provided regarding U.S. foreign policy during and after World War II. It was noted that prior to the end of the war, U.S. leaders recognized the absence of a hegemonic leader during the interwar years (1919-1939) as a critical issue. Britain, weakened after World War I, could no longer fulfill its leadership role, and the United States was either unable or unwilling to step in during that period. However, post-1945, the U.S. emerged as both willing and capable of taking on a leadership role, becoming a driving force in establishing the post-war liberal international order.

The meeting concluded with a reflection on the current crossroads of American foreign policy, suggesting that the U.S. must navigate its role in a changing global landscape while considering the interests of both itself and its allies. The discussions underscored the importance of maintaining a rules-based international system to foster cooperation and stability among nations.