Montana Legislature defines cottage food products in SB 161

Montana's Senate Bill 161, introduced on April 18, 2025, aims to enhance the cottage food industry by establishing clear definitions and regulations for cottage food products. This legislation is designed to support local food producers by allowing them to sell non-hazardous food items directly to consumers, thereby fostering economic growth within communities.

The bill defines "cottage food products" as non-potentially hazardous foods, including items like jams, jellies, dried fruits, dry mixes, and baked goods. It emphasizes direct sales, which must occur face-to-face, prohibiting consignment or online sales. This provision is intended to ensure safety and quality while allowing small-scale producers to thrive in local markets, such as farmer's markets.

Key provisions of SB 161 also include the establishment of guidelines for cottage food operations, which must be conducted from a domestic residence. This requirement aims to maintain a level of oversight while promoting home-based businesses. The bill also outlines the roles of local health officers and boards in regulating these operations, ensuring compliance with health standards.

Debate surrounding the bill has focused on balancing food safety with the need for economic opportunity. Supporters argue that the legislation will empower local entrepreneurs and enhance community access to fresh, homemade products. However, some critics express concerns about potential health risks associated with unregulated food sales, emphasizing the need for stringent oversight.

The implications of SB 161 extend beyond local economies; it reflects a growing trend toward supporting small-scale food producers in the face of larger commercial operations. Experts suggest that by simplifying regulations, the bill could lead to increased consumer choice and foster a stronger local food culture.

As the bill progresses through the legislative process, its potential to reshape the cottage food landscape in Montana remains significant. If passed, SB 161 could pave the way for a more vibrant local food economy, encouraging entrepreneurship and enhancing community connections through food.