New Board Structure Implements Act 250 Review Changes for Land Use in Vermont

Significant changes to Vermont's land use governance were highlighted during the Senate Agriculture meeting on May 2, 2025, as officials discussed the implications of Act 181 passed last year. The act introduces a new governance structure, expanding from a single chair to a five-member board, all of whom are now full-time members actively involved in the review process.

The board is tasked with overseeing a comprehensive review of land use applications, now incorporating 33 criteria, up from 32. This includes the establishment of tiered areas that will determine varying levels of exemption from Act 250 regulations, particularly in more populated regions. The board is also responsible for approving designation program areas where incentive programs will be applied across the state.

A key focus of the meeting was the delayed Wood Products Manufacturers Study, which is crucial for supporting the agricultural community. The report is expected to be completed by mid-June and will assess how the current processes can better serve wood product manufacturers.

Jurisdictional changes were also a major topic, shifting from property size to location-based assessments. The board is currently mapping out tiered areas, including conservation-sensitive ecological zones, to guide future land use planning.

Overall, these developments signal a significant shift in how land use will be governed in Vermont, with an emphasis on more localized decision-making and support for critical sectors like agriculture. The board's ongoing work will be closely monitored as it sets the stage for future land use policies in the state.