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Experts tell Senate panel U.S. must pair diplomacy, targeted incentives to cut China’s processing dominance
Summary
CSIS expert Gracelyn Baskaran said the U.S. lacks processing capacity and geology limits domestic supplies; she recommended targeted trade, financing, and vertical‑integration strategies and cautioned that some IRA sourcing rules unintentionally exclude resource‑rich partners.
A Senate Finance Committee hearing on May 14, 2025, heard testimony that the United States remains dependent on foreign processors for many critical minerals and that policy changes should combine trade diplomacy, targeted incentives and investment to reduce reliance on China.
Dr. Gracelyn Baskaran, director of the Critical Minerals Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, told the committee that “China stands as a lead producer for 30 of the 50 critical minerals that we have identified” and controls large shares of processing even when it is not the largest…
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