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Senators, industry debate human-in/on/over-the-loop roles as AI is fielded for defense
Summary
Senators pressed industry witnesses on where humans should remain in decision-making as AI is applied to offensive and defensive military systems; witnesses emphasized use-case-specific safeguards, benchmarking and human-AI teaming.
Senators and industry witnesses spent substantial time discussing human oversight as AI moves into operational defense roles. The colloquy covered "humans in the loop," "humans on the loop," and the controversial notion of "humans over the loop," using loitering munitions and shipboard defensive systems as illustrative examples.
Dan Tadros of Scale AI described agentic warfare as an effort to move from "humans in the loop to humans on the loop," where AI performs low-level staff work with human oversight.…
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