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County leaders urge faster public assistance reimbursements and simpler survivor applications

2774207 · March 26, 2025

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Summary

National Association of Counties and Harris County officials told the subcommittee that lengthy public assistance reimbursement timelines and complex survivor applications impede recovery; a NACo survey cited public assistance claims open 4–6 years in some counties.

County officials and the National Association of Counties told a House subcommittee that lengthy public assistance (PA) claims, complex paperwork and limited county capacity delay recovery and disproportionately burden underserved communities.

Adrian Garcia, a Harris County commissioner testifying for NACo, said nearly 900 counties a year receive at least one presidential disaster declaration and stressed counties’ ownership of critical infrastructure. Garcia cited a NACo survey finding that “1 in 5 counties' longest open PA claim had been in process in between 4 and 6 years,” and urged Congress to expedite PA reimbursements and reduce application burdens for disadvantaged communities.

Why it matters: long PA timelines hinder restoration of roads, bridges and hospitals that counties operate and can delay return of essential services. County officials said plain‑language applications, technical assistance and simplified federal processes would help jurisdictions with limited administrative capacity.

Key points from testimony

- Infrastructure ownership: Counties own a substantial share of public roads, bridges and hospitals and therefore rely on timely PA reimbursement to restore services.

- Application burden and equity: NACo urged plain language, reduced paperwork and accessible assistance for underserved communities that lack capacity to prepare complex claims during a disaster.

- Legislative support: NACo and other witnesses backed bipartisan bills cited in the hearing (for example, the Disaster Survivor Fairness Act and the Disaster Assistance Simplification Act) to streamline individual assistance and reduce redundancy.

Ending: County leaders told the committee that reform should expedite public assistance closeouts, give counties clear guidance and technical help, and reduce paperwork that currently prevents timely spending and equitable recovery.