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University of Michigan survey: consumers’ expectations improve unevenly; lower‑income households remain vulnerable
Summary
The University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers reported improved aggregate sentiment since 2022 but said gains are concentrated among higher‑income households; the survey flagged renewed concern that proposed tariffs could push up future prices and spur pre‑emptive buying.
Dr. Joanne Hsu, director of the University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers, told the Consensus Revenue Estimating Conference that overall consumer expectations have improved substantially since the mid‑2022 trough but that the recovery in sentiment has been uneven across income groups.
Hsu said higher‑income households have experienced the largest improvement in sentiment—driven in part by gains in asset values—while lower‑income households have seen only modest gains. “A lot of consumers are very, very concerned…
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