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Experts tell Congress hardware, chips and export controls are central to U.S. AI lead
Summary
Witnesses told the committee that compute, energy and advanced AI chips determine geopolitical advantage; they urged export controls, monitoring and other measures to prevent China from gaining parity in AI infrastructure.
Witnesses repeatedly told members that U.S. leadership in artificial intelligence depends not only on models and talent but on hardware, energy and secure supply chains.
Samuel Hammond said the U.S. lead is “downstream of our massive advantages in AI hardware and data centers” but warned that those advantages are tenuous. Hammond testified that China added “over 400 gigawatts to their grid last year” and argued that without controls on hardware exports…
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