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Warm Springs leaders explain their declaration of sovereignty and urge city to pair recognition with policy

3105383 · April 24, 2025
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Summary

Tribal council members summarized the history and purpose of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs' Declaration of Sovereignty, described its origins with Professor Charles Wilkinson and community process, and urged the City of Bend to consider acknowledging tribal sovereignty rather than a standard land acknowledgement.

Members of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs described the tribe’s Declaration of Sovereignty and discussed how the City of Bend might recognize Warm Springs sovereignty in place of, or alongside, a traditional land acknowledgement.

Bobby Bruno, introduced in the meeting as a Confed­erated Tribes of Warm Springs representative, said the declaration is central to tribal identity and is the product of years of community drafting and legal collaboration. Howard Arnette, a tribal lawyer who provided a historical overview, said the declaration was shaped through community meetings and editorial work with the late University of Oregon law professor Charles Wilkinson.

Arnette noted the drafting process included multiple…

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