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State transmission study flags thermal and voltage constraints if large data‑center and industrial loads arrive without upgrades

Legislative Interim Committee on Energy and Natural Resources · November 6, 2025
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Summary

An EERC/SPP/MISO modeling effort for the North Dakota Transmission Authority found that adding roughly 3.1 GW of large onsite loads in multiple scenarios would create thermal and voltage violations in parts of the state and raise wholesale nodal prices; targeted transmission upgrades or additional generation could mitigate the worst impacts.

A transmission and market simulation coordinated by the North Dakota Transmission Authority, the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) and regional transmission organizations examined whether the state’s electrical grid could integrate large new loads such as data centers and industrial plants without new generation and transmission.

Using SPP and MISO planning models for 2026, 2029 and 2034 and nodal market dispatch, the study ran three large‑load scenarios — loads concentrated in eastern, central and western North Dakota — and a price‑sensitive curtailment scenario. The primary findings reported to…

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