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States vary widely on special‑education funding; national nonprofit presents five approaches
Summary
The Education Commission of the States told North Dakota’s Special Education Funding Committee that states use five principal funding approaches — weighted funding, census‑based allotments, reimbursement, resource allocation and high‑cost supplements — and that each design carries tradeoffs for adequacy, accountability and staffing.
The Education Commission of the States (ECS) told the Special Education Funding Committee that there is no single national model for funding special education and laid out five commonly used approaches.
ECS North Dakota liaison Madeline Creek and presenter Chris Duncombe told the committee that states are under pressure as identification rates and the use of individualized education programs (IEPs) have increased nationwide. "We're a nonpartisan, nonprofit education policy research organization," Creek said in opening remarks. Duncombe said, "utilization of special education services. It's been the big cost driver nationally." The presenters said North Dakota's identification rate has roughly tracked national trends.
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