Tribal leaders urge dedicated adoption funding and better federal outreach

Representatives of the National Indian Child Welfare Association told the subcommittee that tribal nations face structural barriers that limit access to federal adoption funds and to programs designed to strengthen permanency.

Irene (Ari) Martin, identified at the hearing as board secretary for the National Indian Child Welfare Association, said tribal customary adoption and other culturally grounded permanency options often preserve children’s tribal identity and community connections but can be excluded by the way federal programs are structured. "When Native children cannot safely return home, it is essential that they remain connected to their tribal communities, cultures and identities," Martin said, urging targeted funding and improved outreach.

Martin noted that only a minority of tribes participate in certain Title IV programs and that small grant allocations, high eligibility thresholds and match requirements can prevent tribal participation. She recommended creating a dedicated funding category within the Adoption Opportunities program specifically focused on tribal priorities and continuing HHS consultation to redesign programs so discretionary funds are accessible and relevant to tribal needs.

Committee members and other witnesses acknowledged the gap and said federal discretionary programs could be better tailored. The panel also noted recent clarifications that tribal customary adoptions may be eligible for certain federal supports, but witnesses said more targeted outreach and grant design changes are needed to increase tribal participation and parity with state systems.

The subcommittee requested further information and signaled interest in legislative or appropriations fixes that would expand dedicated discretionary funding and technical assistance for tribal adoption programs.