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Medford

city

Medford, Oregon, the county seat of Jackson County, is located in the Rogue River Valley, approximately 27 miles north of the California border. As of 2020, the city had a population of 85,824, making it the eighth-most populous city in Oregon. The Medford Metropolitan Statistical Area has a population of over 223,000, making Medford the primary retail, health, government, and service center for the Rogue Valley and parts of Northern California. Medford's economy is diverse, with major employment sectors including healthcare, retail trade, and other services. Key industries include timber, pears, and tourism. Prominent national businesses such as Harry & David and Lithia Motors are headquartered in Medford. The city has dedicated resources to urban renewal since the 1990s, revitalizing the downtown area. Medford was founded in 1883 and named after Medford, Massachusetts. The city's development was spurred by the arrival of the Oregon and California Railroad, which connected Medford to broader markets and facilitated its growth as a shipping hub. Medford is known for its access to outdoor recreation, with nearby natural attractions such as the Rogue River, Table Rocks, and the Siskiyou Mountains.

Medford, Oregon

Overview
Classification
City
FIPS Code
41-47000
Country
United States
County
Jackson
Geography
Region
Rogue Valley
Elevation
1,434 ft
Total Area
27.73 sq mi
Land Area
27.71 sq mi
Water Area
0.012 sq mi
Latitude
42.3556
Longitude
-122.8786
Climate
Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Notable Features
Bear Creek · Upper Table Rock · Lower Table Rock · Mount McLoughlin · Roxy Ann Peak
Neighboring Areas
Grants Pass · Ashland · Central Point · Klamath Falls
Demographics
Population (2020)
85,824
Est. Population (2024)
86,315
Median Age
41
Median Income
$73,230
Poverty Rate
9.2%
Owner-Occupied
56.3%
Racial & Ethnic Composition
The racial makeup of Medford is 72.1% White, 18% Hispanic, and 6.7% Two or More Races.
Governance
Government Type
Mayor-Council
Governing Body
City Council
Body Size
8 members
School District
Medford School District 549C
Municipal Services
Police · Fire · Public Works · Parks & Recreation
Economy
Unemployment Rate
5.3%
Economic Profile
Regional industrial · Medical and service center
Employment Sectors
Health Care & Social Assistance · Retail Trade · Other Services
Major Employers
Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center · Harry & David · Lithia Motors
Education
Schools
24
Students
13,763
Student-Teacher Ratio
19:1
School Districts
Medford School District 549C
Colleges & Universities
Southern Oregon University · Rogue Community College
Infrastructure
Transportation
Interstate 5 · Crater Lake Highway · Public transit · Bike lanes
Utilities
Municipal water · Fiber/broadband
Major Facilities
Asante Rogue Regional Medical Center · Rogue Valley International-Medford Airport · Medford Library
Recreation
Outdoor Access
Yes
Major Recreation Areas
Bear Creek Park · Prescott Park · Rogue River · Willow Lake
Parks & Trails
Bear Creek Greenway · Prescott Park trails · City parks
History
Founded
1883
Incorporated
1885
Named After
Medford, Massachusetts
Historical Significance
Medford transformed from a railroad town into a major shipping hub and regional center for timber, pears, and tourism.
Key Events
Railroad arrival in 1884 · Orchard Boom in early 1900s · County seat of Jackson County in 1927 · Camp White during World War II