Grand Forks
cityGrand Forks is a city located in Grand Forks County, North Dakota, situated on the western banks of the Red River of the North. As of 2024, the estimated population was approximately 59,845, making it the third-most populous city in the state. Along with its twin city of East Grand Forks, Minnesota, it forms the center of the Grand Forks metropolitan area. Grand Forks is known for its diversified economy and its role as a regional hub for education, healthcare, and commerce. Grand Forks' economy has evolved from its agricultural roots to include higher education, defense, healthcare, manufacturing, food processing, and scientific research. The University of North Dakota (UND) and Grand Forks Air Force Base are major institutions that contribute significantly to the city's economic base. The city also benefits from its location at the intersection of major transportation routes, facilitating trade and development. Grand Forks is distinctive for its rich history as a meeting and trading point for Native Americans and early French fur traders. The city experienced significant growth with the arrival of the Great Northern Railway and the establishment of UND. Despite facing challenges such as the devastating Red River Flood of 1997, Grand Forks has rebuilt and diversified, maintaining a strong sense of community and a high quality of life.
Grand Forks, North Dakota
- Classification
- City
- Country
- United States
- County
- Grand Forks County
- Region
- Red River Valley
- Elevation
- 837 ft
- Total Area
- 29.318 sq mi
- Land Area
- 29.121 sq mi
- Water Area
- 0.198 sq mi
- Latitude
- 47.919595
- Longitude
- -97.087328
- Climate
- Humid continental climate with cold winters and warm summers.
- Notable Features
- Red River of the North · Red Lake River · Greater Grand Forks Greenway
- Neighboring Areas
- East Grand Forks, Minnesota · Thompson · Manvel
- Population (2020)
- 59,166
- Est. Population (2024)
- 59,845
- Median Age
- 29.6
- Median Income
- $63,627
- Poverty Rate
- 7.3%
- Racial & Ethnic Composition
- The racial makeup of Grand Forks is approximately 79.7% White, 5.6% Hispanic, and 4.9% Two or More Races.
- Government Type
- Council–manager
- Governing Body
- City Council
- Body Size
- 7 members
- School District
- Grand Forks Public Schools
- Municipal Services
- Police · Fire · Public Works
- Economic Profile
- Diversified · Higher Education · Defense · Healthcare
- Employment Sectors
- Higher Education · Defense · Healthcare · Manufacturing · Food Processing · Scientific Research
- Major Employers
- University of North Dakota · Grand Forks Air Force Base · Altru Health System
- Schools
- 17
- Students
- 7,572
- Student-Teacher Ratio
- 11:1
- School Districts
- Grand Forks Public Schools
- Colleges & Universities
- University of North Dakota · Northland Community & Technical College
- Transportation
- Interstate 29 · U.S. Highway 2 · Grand Forks International Airport · BNSF Railway
- Utilities
- Municipal water · Municipal power · Fiber/broadband
- Major Facilities
- Altru Health System · Grand Forks International Airport · Alerus Center
- Outdoor Access
- Yes
- Major Recreation Areas
- The Greenway · Lincoln Park · Riverside Park
- Parks & Trails
- The Greenway · Kannowski Park · Sertoma Park
- Founded
- 1870
- Incorporated
- 1881
- Named After
- Location at the fork of the Red River and the Red Lake River
- Historical Significance
- Evolved from a trading post to a key regional hub for agriculture, transportation, education, and defense.
- Key Events
- Early meeting and trading point for Native Americans · Establishment as a fur trading post · Arrival of the Great Northern Railway in 1880 · Founding of the University of North Dakota in 1883 · The Red River Flood of 1997



