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Turlock

city

Turlock, California, located in Stanislaus County, is the second-largest city in the county, after Modesto. As of 2020, the population was 72,740. Turlock is situated in the northern San Joaquin Valley, known for its rich agricultural lands. The city offers a blend of a university town atmosphere with a close-knit community feel, making it attractive to students and families. Agriculture has been a cornerstone of Turlock's economy since its founding. Key industries include food processing, manufacturing, and retail. Major employers in the area are Foster Farms, Emanuel Medical Center, and Turlock Unified School District. California State University, Stanislaus, located in Turlock, significantly contributes to the local economy and provides educational opportunities. Turlock is known as the "Heart of the Valley" due to its agricultural productivity. The city's history is rooted in early grain farming and the subsequent development of diversified agriculture through irrigation. Turlock also has a diverse population with cultural influences from various groups, including Assyrians, Swedes, and Portuguese.

Turlock, California

Overview
Classification
City
FIPS Code
06-80812
Country
United States
County
Stanislaus County
Geography
Region
San Joaquin Valley
Elevation
102 ft
Total Area
16.93 sq mi
Land Area
16.9 sq mi
Water Area
0.027 sq mi
Latitude
37.50583
Longitude
-120.84889
Climate
Turlock has a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The average January temperatures range from 38.1°F to 53.7°F, while average July temperatures range from 62.6°F to 104.4°F.
Notable Features
San Joaquin Valley · Tuolumne River
Neighboring Areas
Modesto · Merced
Demographics
Population (2020)
72,740
Est. Population (2026)
72,948
Median Age
34.9
Median Income
$82,995
Poverty Rate
11.28%
Family Households
68.9%
Racial & Ethnic Composition
In 2024, the racial makeup of Turlock was approximately 47.91% White, 25.25% Other Race, 5.6% Asian, 1.73% African American, 0.91% Native American, and 0.28% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. Approximately 46.1% of the population is Hispanic or Latino.
Governance
Government Type
Council–Manager
Governing Body
City Council
Body Size
5 members
School District
Turlock Unified School District
Municipal Services
Police · Fire · Public Works · Parks & Recreation
U.S. Congress
Padilla, Alex
Padilla, AlexD
U.S. Senator
Schiff, Adam B.
Schiff, Adam B.D
U.S. Representative
Huffman, Jared
Huffman, JaredD
U.S. Representative - District 2
Kiley, Kevin
Kiley, KevinI
U.S. Representative - District 3
Thompson, Mike
Thompson, MikeD
U.S. Representative - District 4
McClintock, Tom
McClintock, TomR
U.S. Representative - District 5
Bera, Ami
Bera, AmiD
U.S. Representative - District 6
Matsui, Doris O.
Matsui, Doris O.D
U.S. Representative - District 7
Garamendi, John
Garamendi, JohnD
U.S. Representative - District 8
Harder, Josh
Harder, JoshD
U.S. Representative - District 9
DeSaulnier, Mark
DeSaulnier, MarkD
U.S. Representative - District 10
Pelosi, Nancy
Pelosi, NancyD
U.S. Representative - District 11
Simon, Lateefah
Simon, LateefahD
U.S. Representative - District 12
Mullin, Kevin
Mullin, KevinD
U.S. Representative - District 15
Khanna, Ro
Khanna, RoD
U.S. Representative - District 17
Lofgren, Zoe
Lofgren, ZoeD
U.S. Representative - District 18
Panetta, Jimmy
Panetta, JimmyD
U.S. Representative - District 19
Fong, Vince
Fong, VinceR
U.S. Representative - District 20
Costa, Jim
Costa, JimD
U.S. Representative - District 21
Valadao, David G.
Valadao, David G.R
U.S. Representative - District 22
Obernolte, Jay
Obernolte, JayR
U.S. Representative - District 23
Carbajal, Salud O.
Carbajal, Salud O.D
U.S. Representative - District 24
Ruiz, Raul
Ruiz, RaulD
U.S. Representative - District 25
Brownley, Julia
Brownley, JuliaD
U.S. Representative - District 26
Whitesides, George
Whitesides, GeorgeD
U.S. Representative - District 27
Chu, Judy
Chu, JudyD
U.S. Representative - District 28
Rivas, Luz M.
Rivas, Luz M.D
U.S. Representative - District 29
Friedman, Laura
Friedman, LauraD
U.S. Representative - District 30
Cisneros, Gilbert Ray
Cisneros, Gilbert RayD
U.S. Representative - District 31
Sherman, Brad
Sherman, BradD
U.S. Representative - District 32
Aguilar, Pete
Aguilar, PeteD
U.S. Representative - District 33
Gomez, Jimmy
Gomez, JimmyD
U.S. Representative - District 34
Torres, Norma J.
Torres, Norma J.D
U.S. Representative - District 35
Lieu, Ted
Lieu, TedD
U.S. Representative - District 36
Kamlager-Dove, Sydney
Kamlager-Dove, SydneyD
U.S. Representative - District 37
Sánchez, Linda T.
Sánchez, Linda T.D
U.S. Representative - District 38
Takano, Mark
Takano, MarkD
U.S. Representative - District 39
Kim, Young
Kim, YoungR
U.S. Representative - District 40
Calvert, Ken
Calvert, KenR
U.S. Representative - District 41
Garcia, Robert
Garcia, RobertD
U.S. Representative - District 42
Waters, Maxine
Waters, MaxineD
U.S. Representative - District 43
Barragán, Nanette Diaz
Barragán, Nanette DiazD
U.S. Representative - District 44
Tran, Derek
Tran, DerekD
U.S. Representative - District 45
Correa, J. Luis
Correa, J. LuisD
U.S. Representative - District 46
Min, Dave
Min, DaveD
U.S. Representative - District 47
Issa, Darrell
Issa, DarrellR
U.S. Representative - District 48
Levin, Mike
Levin, MikeD
U.S. Representative - District 49
Peters, Scott H.
Peters, Scott H.D
U.S. Representative - District 50
Jacobs, Sara
Jacobs, SaraD
U.S. Representative - District 51
Vargas, Juan
Vargas, JuanD
U.S. Representative - District 52
Economy
Unemployment Rate
5.5%
Economic Profile
Agricultural · Commercial · Educational
Employment Sectors
Agriculture · Healthcare · Education · Retail · Manufacturing · Food Processing
Major Employers
Foster Farms · Emanuel Medical Center · Turlock Unified School District · California State University, Stanislaus
Education
Schools
14
Students
13,376
Student-Teacher Ratio
22:1
School Districts
Turlock Unified School District · Chatom Union School District
Colleges & Universities
California State University, Stanislaus
Infrastructure
Transportation
State Route 99 · State Route 165 · Local bus system
Utilities
Municipal water · Municipal power
Major Facilities
Emanuel Medical Center
Recreation
Outdoor Access
Yes
Major Recreation Areas
Turlock Lake State Recreation Area · Tuolumne River · Fox Grove Regional Park
Parks & Trails
Turlock Sports Park · Various city parks
History
Founded
1871
Incorporated
1908
Named After
Believed to originate from the Irish village of Turlough
Historical Significance
Developed as an agricultural center and expanded into a residential, educational, and commercial community.
Key Events
Founded by John William Mitchell · Became a shipping point for wheat after the Central Pacific Railroad extension · Turlock Irrigation District transformed agriculture in 1901 · California State University, Stanislaus, established in 1960