Turlock
cityTurlock, California, located in Stanislaus County, is the second-largest city in the county, after Modesto. As of 2020, the population was 72,740. Turlock is situated in the northern San Joaquin Valley, known for its rich agricultural lands. The city offers a blend of a university town atmosphere with a close-knit community feel, making it attractive to students and families. Agriculture has been a cornerstone of Turlock's economy since its founding. Key industries include food processing, manufacturing, and retail. Major employers in the area are Foster Farms, Emanuel Medical Center, and Turlock Unified School District. California State University, Stanislaus, located in Turlock, significantly contributes to the local economy and provides educational opportunities. Turlock is known as the "Heart of the Valley" due to its agricultural productivity. The city's history is rooted in early grain farming and the subsequent development of diversified agriculture through irrigation. Turlock also has a diverse population with cultural influences from various groups, including Assyrians, Swedes, and Portuguese.
Turlock, California
- Classification
- City
- FIPS Code
- 06-80812
- Country
- United States
- County
- Stanislaus County
- Region
- San Joaquin Valley
- Elevation
- 102 ft
- Total Area
- 16.93 sq mi
- Land Area
- 16.9 sq mi
- Water Area
- 0.027 sq mi
- Latitude
- 37.50583
- Longitude
- -120.84889
- Climate
- Turlock has a Mediterranean climate characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The average January temperatures range from 38.1°F to 53.7°F, while average July temperatures range from 62.6°F to 104.4°F.
- Notable Features
- San Joaquin Valley · Tuolumne River
- Neighboring Areas
- Modesto · Merced
- Population (2020)
- 72,740
- Est. Population (2026)
- 72,948
- Median Age
- 34.9
- Median Income
- $82,995
- Poverty Rate
- 11.28%
- Family Households
- 68.9%
- Racial & Ethnic Composition
- In 2024, the racial makeup of Turlock was approximately 47.91% White, 25.25% Other Race, 5.6% Asian, 1.73% African American, 0.91% Native American, and 0.28% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander. Approximately 46.1% of the population is Hispanic or Latino.
- Government Type
- Council–Manager
- Governing Body
- City Council
- Body Size
- 5 members
- School District
- Turlock Unified School District
- Municipal Services
- Police · Fire · Public Works · Parks & Recreation


















































- Unemployment Rate
- 5.5%
- Economic Profile
- Agricultural · Commercial · Educational
- Employment Sectors
- Agriculture · Healthcare · Education · Retail · Manufacturing · Food Processing
- Major Employers
- Foster Farms · Emanuel Medical Center · Turlock Unified School District · California State University, Stanislaus
- Schools
- 14
- Students
- 13,376
- Student-Teacher Ratio
- 22:1
- School Districts
- Turlock Unified School District · Chatom Union School District
- Colleges & Universities
- California State University, Stanislaus
- Transportation
- State Route 99 · State Route 165 · Local bus system
- Utilities
- Municipal water · Municipal power
- Major Facilities
- Emanuel Medical Center
- Outdoor Access
- Yes
- Major Recreation Areas
- Turlock Lake State Recreation Area · Tuolumne River · Fox Grove Regional Park
- Parks & Trails
- Turlock Sports Park · Various city parks
- Founded
- 1871
- Incorporated
- 1908
- Named After
- Believed to originate from the Irish village of Turlough
- Historical Significance
- Developed as an agricultural center and expanded into a residential, educational, and commercial community.
- Key Events
- Founded by John William Mitchell · Became a shipping point for wheat after the Central Pacific Railroad extension · Turlock Irrigation District transformed agriculture in 1901 · California State University, Stanislaus, established in 1960
