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Libby

city

Libby, Montana, nestled in the Kootenai River Valley in the northwest corner of the state, serves as the county seat of Lincoln County. With a population of approximately 3,169 residents in 2024, Libby offers a small-town atmosphere surrounded by the vast Kootenai National Forest. Known as the "City of Eagles," Libby is characterized by its stunning mountain scenery and access to numerous outdoor recreational opportunities. Historically, Libby's economy relied heavily on natural resources like logging and mining. While these industries have declined, tourism is playing an increasingly significant role. Key institutions include the Libby Dam, located upstream on the Kootenai River, and the Flathead Valley Community College Lincoln County Campus. The city provides essential municipal services such as police, fire, and public works, and is served by the Libby Public School District. Libby's distinctive character is shaped by its rich history, stunning natural features, and the resilience of its community. The town's past is intertwined with the Kootenai tribe, early explorers, and the mining and timber industries. While Libby has faced challenges, including contamination from a vermiculite mine, it continues to offer a unique quality of life for those seeking outdoor adventure and a close-knit community.

Libby, Montana

Overview
Classification
City
FIPS Code
30-43450
Country
United States
County
Lincoln County
Geography
Region
Northwest Montana
Elevation
2,096 ft
Total Area
1.95 sq mi
Land Area
1.91 sq mi
Water Area
0.04 sq mi
Latitude
48.37972
Longitude
-115.55472
Climate
Libby has a continental climate with warm summers and cold winters.
Notable Features
Kootenai River · Cabinet Mountains · Purcell Mountains · Libby Creek · Kootenai Falls
Neighboring Areas
Troy · Noxon · Eureka
Demographics
Population (2020)
2,775
Est. Population (2024)
3,169
Median Age
51
Median Income
$34,143
Poverty Rate
23.96%
Family Households
49%
Racial & Ethnic Composition
The racial makeup of Libby includes 89.51% White, 3.48% Native American, and smaller percentages for Asian, Black or African American and multiracial populations.
Governance
Government Type
Mayor-Council
Governing Body
City Council
School District
Libby Public Schools
Municipal Services
Police · Fire · Public Works
Economy
Unemployment Rate
8.4%
Economic Profile
Tourism · Small Businesses
Employment Sectors
Health Care & Social Assistance · Construction · Retail Trade
Major Employers
Kootenai Valley Electric Co-op Inc. · Libby Lumber and Construction Supply LLC · Timber Country Bank
Education
Schools
4
Students
1,220
Student-Teacher Ratio
16:1
School Districts
Libby Public Schools
Colleges & Universities
Flathead Valley Community College - Lincoln County Campus
Infrastructure
Transportation
U.S. Route 2 · Montana Highway 37
Utilities
Municipal water
Major Facilities
Hospital
Recreation
Outdoor Access
Yes
Major Recreation Areas
Kootenai National Forest · Cabinet Mountains Wilderness Area · Lake Koocanusa · Kootenai Falls · Ross Creek Cedars Scenic Area · Turner Mountain Ski Area
Parks & Trails
Kootenai River Trail
History
Founded
1880s
Named After
Libby Creek, which was named after Elizabeth Allen, the daughter of prospector Stephen Allen.
Historical Significance
Libby's history is tied to the Kootenai tribe, early exploration, mining, timber, and more recently, tourism. The town faced significant challenges due to asbestos contamination from a local mine.
Key Events
Gold discovery in the 1860s · Arrival of the Great Northern Railway in 1892 · Development of the timber industry · Vermiculite mine asbestos contamination · Completion of Libby Dam in 1975