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Cibola County

county

Cibola County is located in west-central New Mexico, bordering Arizona. As of 2020, the population was 27,172, making it the 16th largest county in New Mexico. The county seat is Grants, a city with a rich mining history. Cibola County is known for its diverse landscape, ranging from open rangeland and mesas to mountainous areas, and its blend of ancient Native American pueblos and modern communities. Key industries in Cibola County include mining, tourism, agriculture, and the service sector. The county is rich in uranium and has a history of mining activity. Tourism is driven by attractions like El Malpais and El Morro National Monuments, as well as outdoor recreation opportunities in the Cibola National Forest and the Zuni Mountains. Major transportation routes include Interstate 40 and U.S. Route 66, with rail transport provided by BNSF and regional flight service from Grants-Milan Airport. Cibola County is distinctive for its cultural heritage, shaped by the blending of Native American, Spanish, and Anglo influences. It is home to four Native American tribes: the Pueblo of Acoma, the Pueblo of Laguna, the Pueblo of Zuni, and several chapters of the Navajo Nation. The county was named after the mythical Seven Cities of Cibola, which Spanish explorers sought in the area.

Cibola County, New Mexico

Overview
Classification
County
FIPS Code
35-006
Country
United States
County
Cibola County
Geography
Region
West Central
Elevation
5,460 ft
Total Area
4,542 sq mi
Land Area
4,539 sq mi
Water Area
2.3 sq mi
Latitude
34.92
Longitude
-107.99
Climate
Precipitation varies from 7 to 25 inches annually.
Notable Features
Mount Taylor · El Malpais National Monument · El Morro National Monument · Malpais lava beds
Neighboring Areas
McKinley County · Sandoval County · Bernalillo County · Valencia County · Socorro County · Catron County · Apache County, Arizona
Demographics
Population (2020)
27,172
Est. Population (2026)
26,576
Median Age
40
Median Income
$51,765
Poverty Rate
28.4%
Family Households
69.7%
Owner-Occupied
70.5%
Racial & Ethnic Composition
The racial makeup of Cibola County includes approximately 42.5% American Indian, 33.0% Hispanic, and 19.7% White.
Governance
Government Type
Board of County Commissioners
Governing Body
Board of County Commissioners
Body Size
5 members
School District
Grants-Cibola County Schools
Economy
Economic Profile
Tourism · Mining · Agriculture · Service Sector
Employment Sectors
Health Care & Social Assistance · Public Administration · Retail Trade
Education
Schools
12
Students
3,240
Student-Teacher Ratio
13:1
School Districts
Grants-Cibola County Schools · Quemado Independent Schools · Zuni Public Schools
Colleges & Universities
New Mexico State University-Grants
Infrastructure
Transportation
Interstate 40 · U.S. Route 66 · BNSF Railway · Grants-Milan Municipal Airport
Major Facilities
Cibola General Hospital · Courthouse in Grants
Recreation
Outdoor Access
Yes
Major Recreation Areas
El Malpais National Monument · El Morro National Monument · Cibola National Forest · Zuni Mountains
Parks & Trails
Quartz Hill Trail · Continental Divide Trail
History
Founded
1981
Named After
Seven Cities of Cíbola
Historical Significance
Cibola County represents a blend of Native American, Spanish, and Anglo cultures, with a history of mining, agriculture, and ranching.
Key Events
Creation of Cibola County from Valencia County in 1981 · Uranium mining boom in Grants · Establishment of Spanish land grants such as Seboyeta