Carter County
countyCarter County is located in southeastern Montana, characterized by its vast open spaces and a small, close-knit community. As of 2024, the estimated population was around 1,399, making it one of the least populous counties in the state. The county's landscape is dominated by rolling plains and sparse vegetation, reflecting its rural and agricultural character. Carter County's economy is primarily based on agriculture, particularly ranching and beef production. Other key sectors include forestry, retail trade, and public administration. The county seat, Ekalaka, serves as a central hub for local services and institutions, including the Carter County Museum and a small hospital. Carter County offers a glimpse into Montana's pioneering past, with a strong connection to its agricultural roots and Native American history. Medicine Rocks State Park, known for its unique rock formations, provides a distinctive natural landmark and a glimpse into the area's geological history. The county's remote location and small population contribute to a quiet, rural lifestyle.
Carter County, Montana
- Classification
- County
- FIPS Code
- 30011
- Country
- United States
- County
- Carter County
- Region
- Southeastern Montana
- Total Area
- 3,348 sq mi
- Land Area
- 3,341 sq mi
- Water Area
- 7.5 sq mi
- Latitude
- 45.5
- Longitude
- -104.54
- Climate
- Semi-arid climate with cold winters and warm summers.
- Notable Features
- Medicine Rocks State Park
- Neighboring Areas
- Powder River County · Custer County · Fallon County · Harding County, South Dakota · Butte County, South Dakota · Crook County, Wyoming
- Population (2020)
- 1,415
- Est. Population (2024)
- 1,399
- Median Age
- 56.7
- Median Income
- $54,167
- Poverty Rate
- 15.4%
- Owner-Occupied
- 62.2%
- Racial & Ethnic Composition
- The racial makeup of the county was 88.9% White, 8.3% Two or More Races, and 2.4% Hispanic.
- Government Type
- County Commission
- Governing Body
- Board of County Commissioners
- Body Size
- 3 members
- Municipal Services
- Road & Bridge · Public Health · Weed District · Law Enforcement · Disaster & Emergency Services
- Unemployment Rate
- 2.4%
- Economic Profile
- Agriculture-based, Ranching
- Employment Sectors
- Agriculture & Forestry · Public Administration · Retail Trade · Educational Services · Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation
- Major Employers
- Ranches · Carter County government · Ekalaka Public Schools · Local businesses
- Schools
- 4
- Students
- 146
- Teachers
- 14
- Student-Teacher Ratio
- 6:1
- School Districts
- Carter County High School District · Ekalaka Elementary School District
- Transportation
- State Highways 12, 323, and other local roads · Ekalaka Airport
- Utilities
- Rural electric cooperatives · Local water systems
- Major Facilities
- Carter County Courthouse · Carter County Museum · Medical facilities in Ekalaka
- Outdoor Access
- Yes
- Major Recreation Areas
- Medicine Rocks State Park
- Parks & Trails
- Local parks in Ekalaka · Trails in Medicine Rocks State Park
- Founded
- 1917
- Named After
- Thomas Henry Carter, Montana's first congressman
- Historical Significance
- Reflects the history of settlement and agricultural development in southeastern Montana.
- Key Events
- Establishment of ranches in the late 19th century · Creation of Carter County in 1917




