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Desha County

county

Desha County is located in the southeastern part of Arkansas, bordering the Mississippi River. The county's seat is Arkansas City. As of 2020, the population was 11,395. The county has a rich history tied to the Arkansas Delta and a significant African American population. Agriculture has historically been a cornerstone of Desha County's economy, with cotton playing a dominant role in the past. Today, the county is still a leading agricultural producer, with fertile soil and ample water resources. Major employers are in sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, and education. Desha County is distinctive for its historical significance in the Arkansas Delta, including the Rohwer War Relocation Center, a Japanese American internment camp during World War II. The county offers outdoor recreation opportunities and is working to revitalize its economy and attract visitors by highlighting its history, culture, and natural environment.

Desha County, Arkansas

Overview
Classification
County
FIPS Code
05-041
Country
United States
County
Desha County
Geography
Region
Arkansas Delta
Total Area
820 sq mi
Land Area
768 sq mi
Water Area
51 sq mi
Latitude
33.7578
Longitude
-91.2872
Climate
The climate in Desha County allows for year-round river navigation due to the absence of ice during winter months.
Notable Features
Mississippi River · Arkansas River · White River · Arkansas Delta
Neighboring Areas
Arkansas County · Phillips County · Bolivar County, Mississippi · Chicot County · Drew County · Lincoln County
Demographics
Population (2020)
11,395
Est. Population (2024)
10,321
Median Age
41.2
Median Income
$36,064
Poverty Rate
28.9%
Owner-Occupied
60.5%
Racial & Ethnic Composition
In 2023, the racial makeup of the county was approximately 48.6% Black or African American (Non-Hispanic), 42.8% White (Non-Hispanic), and 6.93% Hispanic.
Economy
Unemployment Rate
6.8%
Economic Profile
Agricultural
Employment Sectors
Manufacturing · Health Care & Social Assistance · Educational Services
Education
School Districts
Dumas School District · McGehee School District · Arkansas Virtual Academy
Recreation
Outdoor Access
Yes
Major Recreation Areas
Trusten Holder Wildlife Management Area · Community Park · Memorial Park · Morgan Point Recreation Area · Pendleton Recreation Area · Stephens Park · Wiley A McGehee Park
History
Founded
1838
Named After
Captain Benjamin Desha
Historical Significance
Desha County's history is closely tied to the Arkansas Delta's agricultural past and the significant impact of historical events like the Civil War and the Great Migration.
Key Events
Established December 12, 1838 · Rohwer War Relocation Center (Japanese American internment camp) · 1927 Flood