Census geography primer: tracts, block groups, blocks and PUMAs

Jul 27, 2026

Census geographies are hierarchical: blocks → block groups → tracts → counties → states; presenters explained when each summary level is available and recommended PUMAs when users need microdata at ~100,000-person scale.

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Presenters described the Census Bureau's geographic hierarchy and how it affects data availability. "We divide all of our counties into census tracts. Those census tracts are divided even further into block groups and those block groups are divided even further down to census blocks," Kira Obradovich said, summarizing the nested structure.

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